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Common Place-Name Terminology

Gazetteers

Due to the continual change of place names in this region, it often becomes confusing to locate villages over time.  This list contrasts the various prefixes and other words often found in place names.  I have selected the most commonly used languages for this region.

Magyar (Hungarian)Slovak

Polish

GermanEnglish
NagyVelka/Velke/Velky

vel'ká/vel'ké/vel'ký

wielka/wielkie/wielki

gross / groß

Large/Big
Kis/KissMala/Male/Maly

malá/malé/malý

mal~a/mal~e/mal~y

klein

Small/Little
  

 

  

Also

Alsó

Dolna/Dolne/Dolny

dolná/dolné/dolný

Nizna/Nizne/Nizny

nižná/nižné/nižný

dolny

unter

Lower

Felso

Felsó

Wisny

Horna/Horne/Horny

horná/horné/horný

Vysna/Vysne/Vysny

vyšná/vyšné/vzšný

górna/górne/górny

ober or über

Upper

kozep

közép

Stredna/Stredne

stredná/stredné

 

 Middle/Central
Magyar (Hungarian)Slovak

Polish

GermanEnglish
Uj

új

Nova/Nove/Novy

nová/nové/nový

nowy

 new
OroszRuska/Ruske/Rusky

ruská/ruské/ruský

  Russian, Rusyn (Ruthenian)
PatakPotokpotokBachcreek/stream
volgy

völgy

dolinadolina valley
hegyhoragóra Bergmountain
 pod  under
 nad  over
Magyar (Hungarian)Slovak

Polish

GermanEnglish
megyezupapowiatKomitatcounty
jarasokresokreg

okręg

Kriesdistrict
falu/falvadedinaweisdorfvillage
varos

város

mestomiastoStadttown
kozseg

község

obecgminaortcommunity
templon kostolkos'ciól~Kirchechurch

 

 Many villages such as "Dolne Behynce", "Horne Behynce" and "Stredne Behynce", while nearby each other, may be uniquely separate settlements and may or may not have their records stored separately.

 

Over time a prefix or suffix may have been added or removed to the village name.  When checking alphabetically arranged lists, be certain to check for all possibilities.

Russian/Ukrainian and Rusyn/Rusnak/Ruthenian are written in Cyrillic alphabets and place names can't be easily transliterated to English spellings.

Many thanks to Frank Kurchina and from SLOVAK-ROOTS mailing list for his contributions of various words.  Thanks to Joe for his linguistic corrections.  Thanks to West Howard for the German Terminology.

 

Please note:  Words are displayed with and without diacritical (accent) marks to aid users who cannot properly display foreign character sets.

 

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Last Update: 15 November 2020                                                    Copyright Š 2003-2021, Bill Tarkulich